Generali w’ikirenga mu muryango w’ingabo zitwa iza Yezu Kristo (les Jesuites) ndetse akaba umuyobozi wazo, rimwe bamwita Father general gusa abenshi bamuzi nka Papa wirabura ( Black Pope) umugabo wihaye Imana udashobora na rimwe kubona yambaye imyenda yera.

Abayobozi b’uyu muryango ufite ububasha bukomeye ku isi bamaze kuba 31 kuva isi yabaho.

Papa Francis wasimbuye Papa Latzinger ku mwanya w’Umushumba wa Kiliziya Gatolika nawe akomoka mu muryango w’Abayezuwiti, impamvu rukumbi abasesenguzi ba volkwordtwakker.nl bashingiyeho bemeza ko ubu Abayezuwiti aribo bayoboye isi.

Uyu muryango umaze kugira ububasha ku buryo utashidikanya kuvuga ko wamaze kwigarurira isi yose kugeza magingo aya. Uzasanga ibigo bitabarika by’aba Yezuwite (Jesuites) mu bihugu byinshi ku isi ; urugero : hano mu Rwanda bahafite ikigo cyitwa Saint Ignatius of Loyola I Kibagabaga, Centre Christus iri I Remera hafi ya gare, I Musanze ho bahafite umushinga witwa Rotary Club n’ahandi.

Inkomoko y’aba Yezuwite (Jesuites) n’amateka yabo muri rusange

Umuryango wa Yezu cyangwa Abayezuwiti ni ikigo gikorera mu idini gatolika ry’I Roma cyashinzwe mu w’1536 na Ignatius Loyola,Umwesipanyolu wavutse kuwa 19,Mata 1541 ariwe wanabaye umuyobozi wawo wa mbere.

Mu kirango cy’uyu muryango harimo inyuguti eshatu, HIS, bivugwa ko zigaragaza izina rya Yezu mu Kigiriki n’ubwo abandi barwanya uyu muryango bavuga ko byaba bigaragaza amazina y’ibigirwamana bitatu byasengwaga muri Egiputa aribyo ; Isis, Horus na Seb. Inshingano yabo yari ugushyigikira Ubupapa no kwita ku bakene bo mu idini gatolika. Inshingano yabo hanyuma yaje kuba ingenzi cyane maze bituma uyu muryango wemerwa na Papa Pawulo III mu w’1540.

Ignatius washinze uyu muryango yigeze akora imirimo ya gisirikare mbere yo kwiha Imana. Yashinze uyu muryango agambiriye gufasha imbaga nyamwinshi gukurikira inyigisho za Yezu Kristu ndetse no gukangurira abantu kuba abasirikare ba Kristu barwanirira kwizera kwabo aho biri ngombwa.

Nk’uko bitangazwa na World Scope Encyclopedia, imbaraga z’Abayezuwiti zakomeje kwiyongera mu idini Gatolika uhereye mu w’1860 ndetse bashinga amashuli menshi muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za America. Azwi cyane ari Newyork, Washington, George Town, Ohio, Nebraska na San Francisco. Ibi byatumye uyu muryango urushaho kugwiza imbaraga nyinshi muri iyi si, ikirenzeho bihatiye kuba abantu bize cyane byaje gutuma bicara ku ntebe zikomeye mu bahagararaiye iyobokamana muri za kaminuza zo mu Burayi.

Mu mwaka w’1710 abagize uyu muryango bari bamaze kugera ku 19000 n’ abarenga 22000 mu w’1749 cyane ko inshingano yabo yo kurwanya Abaporotesitanti bayikoraga neza.

Abayezuwiti ntabwo ari abapadiri gusa nk’uko abenshi babitekereza cyangwa ngo babe bafite idini, ni abacuruzi, abavoka,abanyamakuru ndetse ni abantu b’ingeri zose zitandukanye.

Nta kibaranga cyihariye wabamenyeraho kandi bari hose mu muryango mugari w’abantu. Bose baba barize kugirango basohoze umugambi ukomeye bose baba barateguriwe kandi barahirira gutangira umurimo igihe cyose no kujya muri buri cyerekezo no gukora umurimo wose bahamagarirwa babitegetswe n’umuyobozi wabo.

Nk’uko twabikomojeho haruguru, uko imyaka yagendaga ishira niko umubare w’Abayezuwiti wagendaga ugabanuka ; mu w’2016 uyu muryango wari ugizwe n’ abantu 16,378 mu gihe uyu muryango wari ugizwe n’abasaga 28,038 mu w’1977 ; bisobanuye ko abanyamuryango bagabanutse ku kigero cya 41.5%.

Abayezuwiti bahuye n’ibibazo by’insobe kuva bashingwa, Papa Clement yigeze guhagarika ibikorwa byose by’ uyu muryango w’Abayezuwiti muri Kiliziya Gatolika mu mwaka wa 1773. Bitewe no gutinywa no gukekwaho ibibi n’abayobozi b’ibihugu, Abayezuwiti birukanywe muri Portugal mu w’1759 ; icyemezo cyaje kwiganwa n’ibindi bihugu nk’Ubufaransa bwabirukanye burundu mu w’1794.

Nyuma y’imyaka itatu yonyine, Espagne nayo yanze kwemerera Abayezuwiti kuhaba. Ababirukanye ntibyabahiriye namba kuko uyu muryango wahise wiyubaka mu buryo butunguranye wongera kwigarurira imitima ya benshi harimo n’aba Papa.

Uyu munsi, Abayezuwiti ni umuryango wirunduriye mu ivugabutumwa kandi ufite ibyicaro mu bihugu 112 kuri iyi si dutuye. Ni umuryango washinze ibigo by’amashuli yisumbuye atabarika, Amakoleji, za Kaminuza zisanzwe tutibagiwe n’amashuli yigwamo n’abihaye Imana. Bamwe muri bo ni abaganga b’inzobere bavurira ubuntu ndetse bakanakora ibikorwa bitandukanye byo gufasha abakene.

Black Pope ni muntu ki kandi afite bubasha ki ?

Nk’uko twabikomoje ho haruguru, Black Pope ni we muyobozi w’umuryango w’Abayezuwiti ku isi hose. Mu nshingano afite, Black Pope yakira indahiro zose z’Abayezuwiti bashya mu muryango ndetse akanakurikirana igikorwa cyose cy’uyu muryango washinze ibirindiro mu bihugu 122.

Abayobozi b’Abayezuwiti bashyirwaho binyuze mu matora aba yitabiriwe n’ihuriro ryaguye ry’abanyamuryango bose. Uwatowe ava ku ngoma apfuye cyangwa se yeguye ku bwende bwe abitewe n’impamvu zitandukanye.

Umuryango w’Abayezuwiti ufite umutungo utubutse urimo inzu zisohora inyandiko,ibigo by’itumanaho, ibitaro, amashuli, insengero n’ibindi.

Ntawabyemeza cyangwa ngo abihakane ariko abatavuga rumwe ku mikorere y’uyu muryango bawushinja kuba warahiritse ubuyobozi bw’ibihugu bitandukanye, gutegura no gushyira mu bikorwa intambara ya mbere n’iya kabiri y’isi yose kandi ngo bakaba aribo bihishe inyuma y’ibitero by’abiyahuzi ubona muri iki gihe mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi hagambiriwe guteza akavuyo.

Kugera ubu, Abayezuwiti bayobowe na Arturo Sosa wasimbuye Adolfo Nicolas weguye ku buyobozi bw’uyu muryango muri 2016. Kuva Abayezuwiti babaho Pedro Arrupe na Adolfo Nicolas nibo bayobozi bagaragaje ko badashoboye inshingano.